A nanoparticle is a microscopic particle with at least one dimension less than 100 nm.The term "nanoparticle" is not usually applied to individual molecules; it usually refers to inorganic materials. Nanoparticle research is currently an area of intense scientific research, due to variety of potential applications in biomedical, optical, and electronic fields.Copper nanoparticles smaller than 50 nm are considered super hard .There are several methods for creating nanoparticles, including gas condensation, attrition, chemical precipitation, ion implantation, pyrolysisand hydrothermal synthesis. In attrition, macro- or micro-scale particles are ground in a ball mill, a planetary ball mill, or other size-reducing mechanism. Nanoparticles often have unexpected visible properties because they are small enough to confine their electrons.For example gold nanoparticles appear deep red to black in solution.Nanoparticles have a very high surface area to volume ratio. Nanoparticles present possible dangers, both medically and environmentally.Nanoparticles have potential and actual applications in all industries.(agriculture ,automotive, construction, food electronics etc..,)
Source( wikipedia, sciencedaily.com)
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